Which dietary pattern has been associated with a lower risk of Alzheimer's and dementia?

The Mediterranean diet is recognized for its potential to lower the risk of Alzheimer's and dementia due to its emphasis on nutrient-rich foods and healthy fats. This dietary pattern predominantly includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds, alongside moderate consumption of fish and poultry, while limiting red meat and processed foods.

The protective factors in this diet are attributed to several components:

1. High in Antioxidants: The abundance of fruits and vegetables provides a wide variety of antioxidants, which combat oxidative stress and inflammation, both of which are linked to cognitive decline.

2. Healthy Fats: The inclusion of olive oil as a primary fat source contributes monounsaturated fats, which are beneficial for heart health. This is significant since cardiovascular health is intricately connected to brain health.

3. Omega-3 Fatty Acids: The Mediterranean diet includes fish, which is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids. These fatty acids are vital for brain function and have been shown to support cognitive health.

4. Social and Lifestyle Aspects: The Mediterranean lifestyle often promotes social interactions during meals and focuses on balanced eating habits, which contribute to overall well-being and may enhance cognitive function through social engagement.

Research